Temps de lecture : 16 minutes
References
↑1, ↑20 | Tajan, N. (2015). À propos d’hikikomori. Adolescence, 333, 643-648. https://doi.org/10.3917/ado.093.0643 |
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↑2 | Allison, A. (2012). Ordinary Refugees: Social Precarity and Soul in 21st Century Japan. Anthropological Quarterly, 85(2), 345–370. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41857246 |
↑3 | Sajus, N. (2021). Adolescence recluse et refus de l’altérité : le phénomène Hikikomori. Empan, 124, 117-124. DOI : 10.3917/empa.124.0117 |
↑4 | D’après l’Association américaine de psychologie, il s’agit d’un type de maladie mentale, de détresse et/ou de symptômes qui est propre à une population ethnique ou culturelle et qui n’est pas conforme aux classifications standard des troubles psychiatriques. |
↑5 | Kato, T. (2012). Does the ‘hikikomori’ syndrome of social withdrawal exist outside Japan? A preliminary international investigation. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 47(7), 1061–1075. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-011-0411-7 |
↑6 | Watts J. (2002). Public health experts concerned about « hikikomori ». Lancet (London, England), 359(9312), 1131. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08186-2 |
↑7, ↑11, ↑13, ↑15, ↑19 | Pionnié-Dax, N. (2014). Expériences de retrait au Japon : Réflexions et regards croisés sur le phénomène Hikikomori. L’Autre, 15, 64-74. https://doi.org/10.3917/lautr.043.0064 |
↑8, ↑10, ↑16 | Sajus, N. (2021). Adolescence recluse et refus de l’altérité : le phénomène Hikikomori. Empan, 124, 117-124. DOI : 10.3917/empa.124.0117 |
↑9 | Nichter M. (1981). Idioms of distress: alternatives in the expression of psychosocial distress: a case study from South India. Culture, medicine and psychiatry, 5(4), 379–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054782 |
↑12 | La « Rhapsodie du recrutement », l’enfer du premier emploi au Japon. (2016). L’Obs. La « Rhapsodie du recrutement », l’enfer du premier emploi au Japon (nouvelobs.com) |
↑14 | Suicide rate up in Japan, doubles among unemployed. (2023). Anadolu Agency. Suicide rate up in Japan, doubles among unemployed (aa.com.tr) |
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↑18 | Japan was already grappling with isolation and loneliness. The pandemic made it worse. (2023). CNN.Japan’s hikikomori: Social recluses became more isolated during Covid pandemic | CNN |
↑21 | Older, Female and Hikikomori: Japan’s Newly Precarious Population. (2023). The Japan News. Older, Female and Hikikomori: Japan’s Newly Precarious Population – The Japan News yomiuri.co.jp |
↑22 | Harcèlement au travail : un tiers des employés au Japon en ont fait l’expérience. (2022). Nippon. Harcèlement au travail : un tiers des employés au Japon en ont fait l’expérience | Nippon.com – Infos sur le Japon |
↑23 | OCDE. (2023), Reporting Gender Pay Gaps in OECD Countries : Guidance for Pay Transparency Implementation, Monitoring and Reform, Gender Equality at Work. OCDE. https://doi.org/10.1787/ea13aa68-en |
↑24 | Thomann, B. (2005). La question de l’emploi féminin dans le développement et les mutations de la politique sociale de l’État japonais depuis le début de l’ère Meiji. Le Mouvement Social, 210, 55-86. https://doi.org/10.3917/lms.210.0055 |
↑25 | Yong, R. (2020). Characteristics of and gender difference factors of hikikomori among the working-age population: A cross-sectional population study in rural Japan. DOI : 10.11236/jph.67.4_237. PMID: 32389923 |
↑26, ↑27 | Older, Female and Hikikomori: Japan’s Newly Precarious Population. (2023). The Japan News. Older, Female and Hikikomori: Japan’s Newly Precarious Population – The Japan News (yomiuri.co.jp) |
↑28 | Lukyantseva, P. (2023). The Evolution of Feminism in Japan: Issues of Gender and the Perception of Japanese Women. Sexuality and Gender Studies Journal. DOI:10.33422/sgsj.v1i1.194 |
↑29 | Junxiao, L. (2021). Painful Connections: The « Making » of the #KuToo Online Feminist Movement in Japan. U.S.-Japan Women’s Journal, 60, 52 – 83. DOI:10.1353/jwj.2021.0006 |
↑30 | « J’étais comme un cadavre vivant » : une ancienne « hikikomori » témoigne.(2020).Nippon.https://www.nippon.com/fr/in-depth/g00472/ |
↑31 | Vellut, N. (2017). Retirés et connectés, les hikikomori et les écrans. Revue de l’enfance et de l’adolescence, 95, 145-164. https://doi.org/10.3917/read.095.0145 |
↑32 | A Tokyo esports school coaxes dropouts back to class. (2023).The Japan Times.A Tokyo esports school coaxes dropouts back to class – The Japan Times |
↑33 | Gavin, J. (2022). The Relationship Between Hikikomori Risk and Internet Use During COVID-19 Restrictions. Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking, 25(3), 189–193. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2021.0171 |
↑34 | Swers, Michele L. (2013), Women in the Club: Gender and Policy Making in the Senate, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press |
↑35 | Shim, J. (2018). Mind the Gap! Comparing Gender Politics in Japan and Taiwan. German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA). http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep24802 |
↑36, ↑37 | Burrell, B. (2006). Looking for Gender in Women’s Campaigns for National Office in 2004 and Beyond: In What Ways Is Gender Still a Factor? Politics & Gender, 2(3), 354–362. doi:10.1017/S1743923X06221081 |
↑38 | Les femmes dans le parlement. (2024). Union interparlementaire. Japon | Union Interparlementaire (ipu.org) |
↑39 | Miura, M. (2018). Does “constituency facetime” reproduce male dominance? Insights from Japan’s mixed-member majoritarian electoral system. International Political Science Association. 2018 Wilma Rule Award-does-constituency-facetime-reproduce-male-dominance-insights-japans-mixed-member-majoritarian.pdf (ipsa.org) |
↑40 | Shim, J. (2018). Mind the Gap! Comparing Gender Politics in Japan and Taiwan. German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA). http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep24802 |
↑41 | Shockey, N. (2010). Reorganizations of Gender and Nationalism: Gender Bashing and Loliconized Japanese Society. Mechademia, 5, 325–333. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41510971 |
↑42 | Yamaguchi, T. (2014). “Gender Free” Feminism in Japan: A Story of Mainstreaming and Backlash. Feminist Studies, 40(3), 541–572. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.15767/feministstudies.40.3.541 |